What is the function of an interchange?

The function of an interchange is to facilitate the movement of traffic between two or more highways without direct grade-level intersections. This is achieved by allowing vehicles to switch from one roadway to another through ramps, eliminating potential conflicts that occur at-grade intersections. By providing this separate structure, interchanges enhance safety and efficient traffic flow by reducing congestion and minimizing the likelihood of accidents that are common where traffic streams intersect at the same level. Interchanges are crucial in managing high volumes of traffic, especially in urban areas where multiple highways converge, thus improving overall traffic efficiency.

The other options do not accurately describe interchanges. For instance, a connection between highways that intersects at grade represents a typical intersection rather than an interchange. A pedestrian crossing pertains to facilities that accommodate foot traffic, which is not the primary function of an interchange. A toll collection area relates to specific payment mechanisms on toll roads and does not define the operational purpose of an interchange itself.